It was given on the full-moon day of Asalha Puja. The sermon, Buddha gave to the five monks, was his first sermon, called the Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta. At that time, the Sangha, the community of the enlightened ones, was founded. Gautama Buddha found his five former companions and enlightened them with the teachings of the Dharma. Later when King Bimbisāra heard of this, he abolished the toll for ascetics. While travelling to Sarnath, Gautama Buddha had no money to pay the ferryman to cross the Ganges, so he crossed it through the air. Seven weeks after his enlightenment under the Bodhi tree in Bodh Gaya, Buddha left Uruvela and travelled to Isipatana to rejoin them because, using his spiritual powers, he had seen that his five former companions would be able to understand Dharma quickly. Wall painting Manaliīefore Gautama (the Buddha-to-be) attained enlightenment, he gave up his austere penances and his friends, the Pañcavaggiya monks. Gautama Buddha teaching his first sermon in the Deer Park, Sarnath. The king is so moved that he creates the park as a sanctuary for deer. Sarnath derives from the Sanskrit Sāranganātha, which means "Lord of the Deer", and relates to another old Buddhist story in which the Bodhisattva is a deer and offers his life to a king instead of the doe the latter is planning to kill. The Migadāya was so-called because deer were allowed to roam about there unmolested. According to him, the Deer Park was a forest given by the king of Benares of the Jātaka, where deer might wander unmolested. Xuanzang quotes the Nigrodhamiga Jātaka (J.i.145ff) to account for the origin of the Migadāya. They descend to eartPacceka Buddhas come to Isipatana from Nandamūlaka-pabbhāra. Pacceka Buddhas, having spent seven days in contemplation in the Gandhamādana, bathe in the Anotatta Lake and come to the habitations of men through the air, in search of alms. Another explanation for the name is that Isipatana was so-called because, sages, on their way through the air (from the Himalayas), alight here or start from here on their aerial flight. The legend says that when the Buddha-to-be was born, some devas came down to announce it to 500 rishis.
"Isipatana" is the name used in the Pali Canon, and means the place where holy men (Pali: isi, Sanskrit: rishi) landed. Sarnath has been variously known as Mrigadava, Migadāya, Rishipattana and Isipatana throughout its long history. 2.4 Legendary characteristics of Isipatana.
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